Automatic exchange of information (AEOI) for Tax Transparency
Over the years, offshore banking has been considered as the safest method of evading local taxes. Thanks to globalisation and the seamless connectivity between financial institutions, regulatory bodies and other governing authorities, offshore banking have become more transparent, allowing AEOI regimes to gain control over their taxable finances held in offshore banks.
AEOI promotes the exchange of information on income-generating assets between tax authorities in jurisdictions where those assets may be subject to a tax claim.
The key goal of implementing the AEOI regulations is to improve tax compliance around the world and to avoid tax evasions.
What are the Global Standards on Automatic Exchange of Information?
The Common Reporting Standard (CRS) and Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA), are the global standards for Automatic Exchange of Information (AEOI) on bank accounts across reporting jurisdictions to prevent offshore tax evasion, is one such globalisation initiative.
To maintain the integrity of their taxation systems, the reporting jurisdictions exchange AEOI reports once a year “automatically”. Banks and other financial institutions are required to communicate information on non-resident customers’ financial accounts with the tax authorities in their countries of business.
These regulations are intended to ensure that taxpayers correctly disclose all income and assets held in offshore accounts on their tax returns. They enable tax authorities to identify individuals who do not correctly disclose all income by comparing information shared by tax authorities to tax returns. Non-disclosure of this nature is referred to as (offshore) tax evasion.
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA)
The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) is a part of US legislation aimed at preventing and detecting offshore tax evasion by US citizens (US citizens, US tax residents or US legal entities). FATCA went into effect on July 1, 2014.
Foreign governments around the world have agreed to comply with the legislation and have signed FATCA into local law by implementing bilateral agreements called Inter-Governmental Agreements with the United States (IGA).
FATCA makes it easier for the financial institutions in participating nations to exchange information about US citizens. This scheme has been adopted by all major jurisdictions in some form or another. Financial institutions outside of the United States are required to provide the local tax authority with information on each account owned by a US citizen, including the greatest balance on the account in each year and the income and gains earned by the account.
Common Reporting Standard (CRS)
CRS was created to increase global transparency in tax matters. It requires financial institutions (FIs) to identify accounts held directly or indirectly by individuals who are not tax residents in the country where their account is opened.
If the FI is in a CRS Participating Jurisdiction and the person opening the account is a tax resident of another CRS Participating Jurisdiction, the FI will report the account details to their local tax authority.
What is the difference between CRS & FATCA?
FATCA requires financial institutions to identify and report offshore accounts held directly or indirectly by reportable US citizens. CRS involves over 100 countries that require information on their tax citizens to be collected and reported.
The other significant difference between the two is the choosing of a reportable private individual. CRS investigates tax residency, which is generally established by a person’s permanent residence, whereas FATCA investigates tax residency and citizenship, which includes those who do not reside in the United States.
What Financial Institutions should do to comply with FATCA & CRS compliance?
FATCA & CRS compliance regulations insist the global financial institutions to identify customers who have accounts, directly or indirectly, in countries where they are not tax residents. Customers are asked to complete a document known as a ‘self-certificate’ by financial institutions.
Financial institutions are required to submit certain information provided by account holders to their local tax authority, which will forward it to the tax authority of the nation where any reportable persons associated with the account are designated as tax residents.
MG’s approach in implementing CRS & FATCA Reporting solution
MG has been consistently recognised for its exceptional outcomes and services around Regulatory Reporting for the past 20 years. MG’s approach in implementing a common reporting standard solution is meant to maximise operational efficacy by simplifying the process of combining, validating, and enriching data to ensure data integrity and CRS report correctness. We start from Gap analysis, provide advice on implementing the strong data governance framework to rectify all the data related issues and make the data fully compliant with AEOI guidelines.
Pls refer to our CRS Stride – AEOI / HMRC CRS & FATCA Reporting Solution landing page to know more about our product capabilities.
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CRS Stride Reporting Solution on the Cloud – What does it mean for FIs?
As part of our cloud adoption strategy and being a Microsoft Gold Partner, Macro Global has tailored our CRS solution as a Secure Cloud-based Web Application by automating the entire processes around CRS reporting with all our experience & expertise in the regulatory landscape.
This strategic change ensures our customers are transitioned to a much better “Fully Supercharged, Single licencing, All-in-one SaaS Platform” that takes care of your business round the clock, “Anywhere, Anytime, Any Device”.
Macro Global’s CRS Stride enables the bank to meet the HMRC CRS requirements to achieve the ‘Fully compliant to CRS’ status by automating the entire CRS reporting process. Our CRS solution is efficient with automatic data validation and processing including CRS XML reporting and technical standards for audit compliance and process monitoring. The CRS Stride is offered as a cloud-based web portal with flexible access. Fully automated reporting solution to meet the ever-evolving regulatory requirements thereby increasing operational efficiency. Our application validates the data and runs it through risk and regulatory calculations to produce XML reports.
Our CRS solution facilitates the financial institutions to extract the raw input data from disparate datasets by fully automated mapping to the banks data sources and to enrich the same by making amendments at the customer level “within the application”. Banks can make use of the updated CRS data to generate and email the customised self-certificates for the individual, entity and controlling person customers with a touch of a button.
The generated CRS XML file is subjected to 90+ CRS specific audit validations to identify the inconsistencies within and to categorize them based on their severity. The banks can utilise the extensive “Risk-based Audit Report” generated out of our solution to identify and mitigate the risk items around the source data which could trigger non-compliance of HMRC CRS reporting mandates.
Cloud Adoption: What does it bring to our customers?
- One licence covers everything around CRS reporting including Automation and Audit validation, Variation and deletion submission with HMRC and subject matter expert support1.
- Hassle-free CRS reporting file generation within 45 minutes.
- Our CRS Reporting Hub seamlessly consolidates, validates, and enriches the data by improving data integrity and reporting accuracy based on HMRC CRS XML Schema definition.
- Centralised archive of regulatory data as well as transparent end-to-end audit trail on regulatory measures.
- Our Secure cloud-based SaaS platform handles any volume of customer data flawlessly with utmost data integrity and accuracy.
- Our usual extended legal coverage and service level assurance with 99.99% uptime.
- Comprehensive support to your Business Continuity for audit purposes as the platform available in two availability zones 24 X 7 X 365 on UK based data centres.
- Hosted on Microsoft Azure Private Cloud which gives the strongest security platform, and it is rated as the top in the industry for security with automatic encryption on everything.
- You can completely remove your CapEx spending on the infrastructure as we manage it fully on the cloud
- Cloud Data Can be removed once you process and have submitted data to HMRC successfully providing additional peace of mind to your internal security and compliance team.
About Macro Global
Macro Global (MG) the UK based IT products and services company have been offering more advanced and evolving FinTech and RegTech solutions to over 25 plus Banks in the UK and expanding across Europe & MENA markets. We are one of the leading and fast-growing vendors in the Regulatory Technology space and are very well known as the most trusted strategic technology partner by our clients in the UK and European markets for easing out their compliance obligations and regulatory burdens.
We are ISO certified in the following categories and all our products and services are more secure and comply with the industry’s top accreditation. In addition, we are further working on CMM & SOC Type 1 & 2 compliance global accreditation.
- • ISO 9001:2015 – Quality Management System
- • ISO 27001:2013 – Information Security Management
- • ISO 27701:2019 – Privacy Information Management
- • ISO 27018:2019 – PII protection in public clouds
We hold 10% of foreign banks market share in the UK and the major retail/corporate banks in the UK use our products ranging from regulatory and compliance, open banking & open finance, consumer payments and next-gen banking. We continue to onboard 10-plus banks across various regions. We currently cover all major core banking systems including Finacle, FlexCube, Temenos T24, ACBS, Finastra CBS Platforms (Fusion & Equation) and working on TCS BaNCS and all our customers have great confidence in us for three reasons – Quality of the product, Exceptional Service delivery & Speed of support as you already heard from the market.
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CRS Stride Data Management – The Game Changer in Regulatory Reporting
In our last article Identify the “Best-Fit” CRS Solution – Outsource, Build or Buy?, we discussed “Best-Fit” and in a follow we wanted to discuss Data Management. Despite the substantial investment made by banks in data management, the requirement for a platform to carry out manual workarounds to the CRS Input data for impairing the risks of inaccurate reporting continues to persist.
It’s an obvious truth that many people overlook: master data is not as good as one would like it to be.
For CRS and FATCA reporting, especially, high data quality is required to generate accurate and complete reports to tax authorities. Financial institutions must look out for multiple data repositories of the account holders such as deposit-taking, wealth management and custody footprints for detailed information that is required to fulfil the reporting obligations.
Financial institutions can find themselves on a downhill slide if they don’t have effective data quality procedures in place to keep up with their reporting and refiling obligations while also monitoring constant multi-jurisdictional FATCA/CRS reporting changes.
Financial institutions now have clear and concise requirements for recording customer information. Some requirements are imposed by law, while others are the result of internal processes. In the past, there were fewer provisions and forms, which led to problems now with the master data’s accuracy.
Data gaps that arise in this manner are usually not addressed until the next customer meeting, which is usually a long time away. Filling the data gaps that frequently remain can be time-consuming and expensive in practice. Our CRS Stride software detects these gaps in real-time and alerts financial institutions so they can be closed within the application.
Data gaps begin from the Core System
Whether a specific attribute is recorded for a customer may be irrelevant to the core system of a financial institution. However, it may still be a key barrier if this information is needed later in the process.
Because different downstream systems demand various information, the list of mandatory core system attributes grows very long, even if they aren’t completely essential in the core system.
So, it all starts in the core system, where either there isn’t a field for certain information where the customer data is initially entered, or it wasn’t previously required to fill in these fields.
In 2015, for example, there were no requirements for TIN verification or validation checks in the CRS. Implementation of the US Internal Revenue Service TIN matching codes and the shift to CRS Schema 2.0 for XML filing are two recent significant changes that have affected data management and quality. Both changes necessitate financial institutions to achieve higher levels of granular data accuracy, necessitating data refiling.
Mandatory fields slow down the Customer Onboarding Process
Mandatory fields are a double-edged sword because, on the one hand, the customer should be completely documented, but on the other hand, the customer creation process must be quick and should not be slowed down by details that can be added later – provided, of course, that these later additions are made. And only if there is a suitable field for this purpose. Whatever the reason, there are frequently gaps in the data that can be time-consuming and costly to fill.
Data Inaccuracy & Data Gaps lead to Resubmission
Resubmission is one of the four major challenges associated with FATCA/CRS reporting, together with data challenges, rules, jurisdictional nuances, and 3rd party reporting. HMRC reach out to the financial institutions to resubmit the data if the institutions fail to submit data that is complete, accurate, valid, timely, and consistent. This process, which is often done manually, can be very long and tedious, as well as posing a compliance risk.
The need for resubmission is primarily spurred by poor data quality. Depending on whether (a) the resubmission is voluntary or non-voluntary, (b) the resubmission is under a tight deadline, and (c) the FATCA/CRS reporting solution is automated, organisations face significant pressure.
There are two possible scenarios when it comes to resubmission:
- The organisation is aware that a recent submission has a data quality issue.
- Regulators find a flaw in the initial submission and require a resubmission within an arbitrary timeline, which can range from two weeks to two months.
The approach used for refiling, whether it is voluntary or non-voluntary, must be carefully thought out to effectively tackle the many complex situations that arise.
During this resubmission process, financial institutions should handle complex situations more carefully as data quality issues may result in revisiting their operational approach. Gap analysis has to be done to identify the loopholes and a stringent data governance framework should be inducted to ensure the quality of data. CRS Schema 2.0 was imposed to overcome all these complex resubmission processes.
What should the financial institutions do for resubmission?
- Void submission: Cancel the original XML, make the necessary changes, and resubmit with a new XML.
- Account-level resubmission: Based on corrected data, all account-related details, including Controlling Person for CRS and Substantial Owner for FATCA details (if any), are re-classified. Following that, an updated XML is generated automatically.
- DocRefID resubmission: Regulators specify which DocRefID to correct, and users have the option of only correcting the affected DocRefID and leaving the rest of the XML file alone.
Whether the financial institutions resubmitting the CRS/FATCA reporting on their own or it is mandated by HMRC to rectify and resubmit within specific timelines, there should be a trustable, automated and seamless process should be in place to refine the specific data to reply to the HMRC quickly.
Most financial institutions are scrambling their heads to meet tight deadlines as the data cleansing process is a tiresome task if it is done manually.
Financial intuitions should shift to an automated CRS/FATCA reporting solution which takes care of all the reporting obligations seamlessly so that they can keep their focus on growing their business rather than running behind the compliance burdens.
Core Banking System is the golden source of reference data for CRS reporting but before accommodating the CRS input file it requires exhaustive refinements to comply with the HMRC standards. The maladaptation to the system scalability makes the banks lookout for new solutions.
What if the CRS application enables you to amend reportable data?
Having data management as an integrated feature within the CRS application will eradicate performing multiple iterations in amending the CRS reportable data.
Macro Global’s “CRS Stride – AEOI / HMRC CRS & FATCA Reporting Solution” facilitates amending the CRS data at the customer level within the application, enabling the banks to achieve the desired input data quality before considering it for CRS XML file generation.
Upon achieving the desired standards, CRS Stride generates an extensive audit trail with 90+ validations based on predefined rulesets to track and manage the deviations within the reportable data, providing utmost confidence for the banks in reporting the CRS data. This would save a lot of time and redundancy on both sides.
Macro Global offers a comprehensive “GAP Analysis and Recommendation” exercise, in which our subject matter experts will collaborate with the concerned teams of the financial institutions, perform raw data analysis, and bridge the gaps.
MG’s Adhoc and On-demand support for HMRC queries
In the event, that HMRC detects and notifies inaccurate data around the submitted CRS Reports, MG with its team of SMEs provides an extended arm to precisely fix the erroneous data by efficiently generating the Submission Variation and Submission Replacement XML files within the stringent timelines as specified by HMRC. The platform enables multiple variation submissions with ease.
Click Here to know more about the other features and benefits offered by CRS Stride.
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Identify the “Best-Fit” CRS Solution – Outsource, Build or Buy?
We have been working with Banks and FIs for many years and this question constantly been asked to our consultants and sales team. It’s a million-dollar question and a key strategical decision for your successful integration of your Reg Reporting. A wrong step can be costlier and irreparable.
With our 20 plus years of experience, we will be able to navigate you to avoid the pitfalls and guide you for successful completion. Let’s discuss the common questions that come to any key decision-makers mind across this blog to walk you through and experience the differences each option offers and to be able to decide which one would be a “Best-Fit” for your organisation.
The significance that CRS has gained over few years by promoting tax transparency has made many jurisdictions adopt CRS to mobilise their tax revenues. This increase in the number of reporting Jurisdictions has certainly kept the financial institutions occupied over the last few years as there exists a huge inefficiency in handling the ever-changing regulatory requirements.
To pull back and accelerate the declined productivity the Financial Institutions desperate for an optimal CRS solution to seamlessly achieve the expected CRS Compliance mandated by HMRC with crucial strategic crossroads as Whether to Outsource, Build or Buy the best fit CRS reporting solution?
Outsourcing a right choice?
Delegating the CRS compliance activities to an external service provider may resemble to be a beneficial business strategy as it aids the financial institutions to cut off a considerable CapEx but do consider the following inevitable factors before taking a final call.
- Integrity of sensitive client data
- Flexibility in addressing the new regulatory changes
- Transparency exhibited over the ongoing compliance process
- Impact on the business environment, not adhering to the deadlines
Building In-House a wise choice?
Making a wise choice needs fact checks so does building in-house.
Building an in-house CRS reporting solution may help you exhibit full control over the project and helps you address specific needs with respect to CRS reporting, but do a lookup to evaluate the following parameters before making the buy decision.
- CapEx on the dedicated Infrastructure
- Subject matter expertise on the regulatory landscape
- Time to completion
- Optimal approach to address the actual needs
- Product support and maintenance
- Product upgrades upon regulatory changes
Buying a SaaS Solution?
The choices and their constraints might have baffled you, check this piece to unveil the blindfold.
First and foremost, the SaaS-based CRS solution bought from a third-party provider can be deployed at no time and subsequently it reduces the cost and effort involved while addressing the specific needs around CRS reporting.
The banks have the advantage of scrutinising the efficiency, compatibility, and support availability of the SaaS solution before arriving at the buy decision. Having in place a comprehensive CRS solution, the shift across CRS regulatory landscape can be handled at ease as the solution provider would hold the responsibility of upscaling the CRS reporting solution by incorporating the enhancements mandated by HMRC.
Few questions to be asked before buying an ideal CRS FACTA Reporting software:
- Whether the CRS FATCA software is built by understanding the risk and compliance eco-systems that exist across my clients and the wider market?
- How seamless the CRS reporting solution is to integrate your existing datasets with the CRS application to generate input files?
- Does the CRS reporting solution helps to achieve maximum operational efficacy by easing the data management process to ensure data integrity and CRS report accuracy?
- Whether the CRS reporting solution has a feature to generate an extensive classified audit trail with multiple validations to track and manage the deviations within the reportable data?
Conclusion – It may still be a dilemma but we will be able to assist you in making that right decision.
In our view and our experience with dozens of case studies opting to buy a SaaS-based CRS solution enables the banks to focus on their core value propositions to gain an edge over their competitors but finding the right solution from the right vendor remains to be a key success formula for the banks.
MG with its decades of experience in the RegTech space has tailored CRS Stride as a full-stack SaaS solution that automates all the phases of the CRS reporting process. Click Here to know more about how MG’s “CRS Stride” can quench your quest for an Optimal CRS solution. Try our product and services which address 360 degree of your CRS reporting obligation but you can change your mind if you feel it’s not the right fit at any point.